要點(diǎn)一：成型方法
Key point 1: forming method
可選擇兩種基本材料類型：
You can choose from two basic material types:
1.在模鑄、煅燒和擠壓過(guò)程中，熱處理工具鋼，能承受較高的溫度。
1. Hot working tool steel, which can withstand the relatively high temperature of die casting, forging and extrusion.
2.冷拉工具鋼用于切割、切割、冷成型、冷擠壓、冷鍛和粉末充壓。
2. Cold working tool steel, which is used for blanking and shearing, cold forming, cold extrusion, cold forging and powder pressure forming.
注：會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些塑料pvc腐蝕性副產(chǎn)物，如塑料。冷疑、腐蝕性物質(zhì)、酸、制冷/加熱、水或儲(chǔ)存條件也會(huì)帶來(lái)腐蝕。冷疑、腐蝕性物質(zhì)、酸、制冷/加熱、水或儲(chǔ)存條件也會(huì)帶來(lái)腐蝕。長(zhǎng)期停產(chǎn)引起的冷疑、腐蝕性物質(zhì)、酸、制冷/加熱、水或儲(chǔ)存條件也會(huì)被腐蝕。若達(dá)到上述情況，最好使用不銹鋼模具鋼。
Note: some plastics can produce corrosive by-products such as PVC plastics. Factors such as condensation, corrosive gases, acids, cooling / heating, water or storage conditions caused by prolonged shutdown can also cause corrosion. If the above conditions are met, die steel made of stainless steel is recommended.
要點(diǎn)二:磨具規(guī)格
Key point 2: mold size
預(yù)硬鋼常用于大規(guī)格磨具。
1. Pre hardened steel is often used in large-size dies.
2.小尺寸磨具常用于整體淬硬鋼。
2. Integral hardened steel is often used for small size die.
要點(diǎn)三:磨具使用次數(shù):
Key point 3: mold usage times
1.短期內(nèi)用軟鋼磨具，其強(qiáng)度為160mdash;2 50 hrc。
1. The mold used for a short time should be made of mild steel with hardness of 160mdash; 250hrc.
2.中長(zhǎng)期磨具采用預(yù)硬鋼，強(qiáng)度為30145hrc。
2. Pre hardened steel with hardness of 30-45hrc should be used for the mould used for medium and long time.
3.長(zhǎng)期使用的磨具應(yīng)采用高韌性鋼，其強(qiáng)度為48mdash;65hrc。
3. High hardness steel should be used for long-term mold, with hardness of 48mdash; 65hrc.
要點(diǎn)四：表面粗糙度
Key point 4: surface roughness
許多塑料模具制造商對(duì)更好的表面粗糙度感興趣；當(dāng)添加硫金屬切割特性時(shí)，表面質(zhì)量降低，硫含量強(qiáng)的鋼變脆。
Many plastic mold manufacturers are interested in good surface roughness; when sulfur is added to improve metal cutting performance, the surface quality will decrease, and the steel with high sulfur content will become more brittle.
模具鋼對(duì)工作特性和特性的要求
Requirements and characteristics of die steel in working performance
強(qiáng)度
hardness
磨具在工作中受力復(fù)雜，如果熱磨在交換溫度場(chǎng)下一般承受交變應(yīng)力，則必須具有良好的抗軟化或塑性變形水平，模具的形狀和尺寸精度仍可在長(zhǎng)期工作環(huán)境中保持。強(qiáng)度是模具鋼的重要特性之一。強(qiáng)度是模具鋼的重要特性之一。冷模的強(qiáng)度一般為58HRC熱作模具，特別是對(duì)熱疲勞性能要求高的磨具，一般強(qiáng)度為45HRC上下。一般注塑模具的一般強(qiáng)度要求為35HRC左右。
The stress state of the die is complex when it works. For example, the hot working die usually bears alternating stress under the exchange temperature field, so it should have good ability to resist softening or plastic deformation, and can still maintain the shape and dimensional accuracy of the die in the long-term working environment. Hardness is one of the important properties of die steel. Generally, the hardness of cold working dies is above 58hrc, while that of hot working dies, especially those with high thermal fatigue resistance, is about 45hrc. For the common plastic mold, the hardness is about 35hrc.
強(qiáng)度與韌性
Strength and toughness
特別是隨著現(xiàn)代快速?zèng)_壓、快速精密鍛造和液體成形技術(shù)的發(fā)展，磨具在零件的過(guò)程中承受著巨大的沖擊、扭曲等負(fù)荷，磨具承受更多的負(fù)載。由于鋼的強(qiáng)度和韌性不夠，模具熱處理后的硬度和韌性通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致外腔邊緣或部分坍塌、刀頭或破裂和初始故障。
In the forming process of parts, the die bears a huge impact, distortion and other loads, especially with the development of modern high-speed stamping, high-speed precision forging, liquid forming and one-step forming technology, the die bears a greater load. Due to the insufficient strength and toughness of steel, the edge or local collapse, edge collapse or fracture of the die cavity lead to early failure It should have high hardness and toughness.
